1328--Scotland is recognized by the English as an independent nation in the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton.
1707--The Act of Union is passed, uniteing England and Scotland, forming the Kingdom of Great Britain.
1785--King Kamehameha establishes the Kingdom of Hawaii.
1894--Coxey's Army, a protest march of Americans victimized by a financial panic, arrives in Washington, D.C.
1898--The Battle of Manila Bay in the Philippines--the Spanish Pacific Fleet is destroyed by the U.S. Navy
1931--Dedication of the Empire State Building in New York City
1948--The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) is founded by Kim Il-Sung
1960--Francis Gary Powers' U-2 is shot down over the Soviet Union, and he is captured and held, though later is tried, convicted and released (traded).
1961--Fidel Castro proclaims Cuba to be a Socialist nation and abolishes elections.
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